Таким образом, следует не отделять и противопоставлять мировые религии, философию и культуру, Логос и Слово Божие, а опираться на то, что для них является общим и что действительно помогало, помогает и будет помогать человеку и человечеству идти по праведному, истинному и единственно возможному пути развития и спасения.

Epilogue

Epilogue

The given book presents the philosophical analysis of the sources and the main content of the world religions — Hinduism, Buddhism, Confucianism, Taoism, Judaism, Christianity, Islam and the most significant literary monuments of the world culture: the Аvesta, the Rigveda, the Upanishads, the Egyptian Book of the Dead, works of Ancient Greek philosophers (Socrates, Plato, Aristotle). It reveals the organic unity of the spiritual traditions of the Russian Orthodox Church with Christianity, this particularly concerns Patriarch Nikon, self-sacrifice of Russian elders (spiritual fathers — startsy) and their contribution to the spiritual revival and unification of the Russian people around the Russian Orthodox Church. These are Optina spiritual fathers: Macarius, Ambrose, Barsanuphius, and also the Optina monk K. N. Leontyev.

The source of the world religions and cultures is assumed to be the Sumerian civilization that developed the basic categories, concepts, principles which became the inherent fundamentals of the world religions and cultures.

The genesis of the world religions, philosophical doctrines and cultures has both their essential similarity and rather serious distinctions. The world religions formed the doctrines, proceeding from the search of God, and aspired to direct both an individual and the whole nations to the righteous way, whereas the world cultures and philosophical doctrines created images and types of an ideal person, a wise man, the Teacher whose example must be followed.

Religions considered the evolution of the mankind from its origin to the Judgment Day and, thereby, this period was historical, it intertwined in the historical way of the mankind. The religious tradition assumes that the infinity, immortality comes after the Last Judgment. The world cultures and philosophy followed another way. They believed that history also has the beginning, but has no end. Thus, various ideologies and world outlooks were formed which inspired an individual and the mankind to follow the supreme ideals and values. However, the world religions, on the one hand, and philosophy and culture, on the other hand, differed essentially in understanding and interpreting time and, hence, in understanding and interpreting the historical evolution.