^{204} Miller, The Unmaking of Americans, p. 221, 223.

^{205} Carl F. Kaestle, Pillars of the Republic: Common Schools and American Society, 1780–1860 (New York: Hill & Wang 1983), p. 161–62.

^{206} Stephen Steinberg, The Ethnic Myth: Race, Ethnicity, and Class in America (New York: Atheneum, 1981), p. 54.

^{207} Joel M. Roitman, The Immigrants, the Progressives, and the Schools (Stark, KS: De Young Press 1996), p.1; McClymer, «The Americanization Movement», p. 103; Miller, The Unmaking of Americans, p. 49; Roitman, The Immigrants, the Progressives, and the Schools, p. 51–52; Carlson, The Quest for Conformity, p. 114; Reed Ueda, «When Assimilation Was the American Way», Washington Post, 2 April 1995, p. R10.

^{208} Curti, Roots of American Loyalty, p. 223ff; Paul C. Stern, «Why Do People Sacrifice for Their Nations?» Political Psychology, 16 (2, 1995), p. 223–24.

^{209} Robin M. Williams, Jr., American Society: A Sociological Interpretation (New York: Knopf, 1952), p. 527, quoted in Gleason, Speaking of Diversity, p. 175.

^{210} Gleason, Speaking of Diversity, p. 175; Arthur A. Stein, The Nation at War (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1980), p. 92; Philip Gleason, «American Identity and Americanization», in Stephan Thernstrom, ed., Harvard Encyclopedia of American Ethnic Groups (Cambridge: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1980), p. 47; Albert O. Hirschman, Journeys Toward Progress (New York: Twentieth Century Fund, 1963), p. 137. See also J. M. Winter, The Great War and the British People (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1986).